List of top Economics Questions asked in CBSE Class Twelve Board Exam

State any two sources of data on unemployment in India.

\[ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \textbf{Sector} & \textbf{India} & \textbf{China} & \textbf{Pakistan} & \textbf{India} & \textbf{China} & \textbf{Pakistan} \\ \hline \text{Agriculture} & 16 & 7 & 24 & 43 & 26 & 41 \\ \hline \text{Industry} & 30 & 41 & 19 & 25 & 28 & 22 \\ \hline \text{Services} & 54 & 52 & 57 & 32 & 46 & 35 \\ \hline \end{array} \]

“There exists a positive correlation between human capital formation and economic growth of a nation.” Justify the given statement with valid explanation.

Discuss any two factors that lead to stagnating Indian agriculture sector during British rule.

State any two strategies to achieve the objective of sustainable development.

Interpret the given picture and explain any one strategy to control it from becoming an ecological disaster.

“The Government of India has taken various measures to align the agricultural marketing system with the growing production activities in rural areas.”
Do you agree with the given statement? Give any two valid reasons in support of your answer.

“Self-Help Groups provide stimulus to socio-economic development in rural areas.”
Justify the given statement with a valid explanation.

Read the following statements: Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose the correct alternative from those given below:
Assertion (A): In the recent past, Indian economy has been facing the problem of jobless growth.
Reason (R): Jobless growth refers to a situation where an economy is able to produce more goods and services without generating additional employment.

After the implementation of economic reforms, Pakistan experienced slowdown of growth due to various reasons including _________ .
(Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank):

\[ \begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline \textbf{Column I} & \textbf{Column II} \\ \hline \text{Cement shop owner} & \text{Self-employed} \\ \hline \text{Construction worker} & \text{Casual wage worker} \\ \hline \text{Civil engineer} & \text{Regular salaried} \\ \hline \end{array} \]

Identify the sources of Human Capital Formation and choose the correct alternative to fill in the blanks:

Read the following statements carefully: Statement 1: India, Pakistan, and China have similar physical endowments, but totally different political systems.
Statement 2: Both India and Pakistan laid great emphasis on creating a large private sector.
In the light of the given statements, choose the correct alternative from the following:

The present-day rapid industrial growth in China can be traced back to the economic reforms introduced in 1978, where ________ .
(i) Initially reforms were initiated in agriculture, foreign trade, and investment sectors
(ii) The policy of dual pricing was adopted
(iii) The Government revoked the policy of Special Economic Zones

Modernization is an important economic planning objective that focuses on _______ .
(i) Adoption of innovative technology
(ii) Equal distribution of income and wealth
(iii) Bringing positive changes in the social outlook

China was able to control its rapid population growth rate owing to ____ .

During the British rule, India’s foreign trade had various features except _________ .

Elaborate how and why carbon pricing should be promoted.

Differentiate between positive and negative externalities.

\[ \begin{array}{|c|l|r|} \hline \textbf{S.No.} & \textbf{Items} & \textbf{Amount (in ₹ Crore)} \\ \hline (i) & \text{Tax Receipts} & 1,200 \\ \hline (ii) & \text{Revenue Expenditure} & 3,700 \\ \hline (iii) & \text{Non-Tax Receipts} & 2,000 \\ \hline (iv) & \text{Recovery of Loans} & 145 \\ \hline (v) & \text{Capital Expenditure} & 500 \\ \hline (vi) & \text{Disinvestment} & 120 \\ \hline (vii) & \text{Interest Payments} & 1,070 \\ \hline \end{array} \]

Distinguish between direct tax and indirect tax with the help of suitable examples.

Reserve Bank of India undertakes the important function of managing the government’s banking transactions.
Discuss the above-stated function performed by the Reserve Bank of India.

\[ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|} \hline \textbf{Income (Y)} & \textbf{Savings (S)} & \textbf{(APC)} & \textbf{(MPS)} \\ \hline 0 & -50 & -- & -- \\ \hline 100 & 0 & 1 & 0.5 \\ \hline 200 & 50 & \frac{3}{4} & 0.5 \\ \hline 300 & 100 & \frac{2}{3} & 0.5 \\ \hline \end{array} \]

For a hypothetical economy, assume the government increased infrastructural investment by ₹10,000 crore. 80% of additional income is consumed in the economy. Estimate the increase in income and the corresponding increase in consumption expenditure in the economy.

\[ \begin{array}{|c|l|r|} \hline \textbf{S.No.} & \textbf{Items} & \textbf{Amount (₹ crore)} \\ \hline (i) & \text{Wages and Salaries} & 2,000 \\ \hline (ii) & \text{Rent and Interest} & 700 \\ \hline (iii) & \text{Corporate Tax} & 500 \\ \hline (iv) & \text{Undistributed Profit} & 300 \\ \hline (v) & \text{Consumption of Fixed Capital} & 200 \\ \hline (vi) & \text{Dividend} & 150 \\ \hline (vii) & \text{Net Factor Income from Abroad} & -50 \\ \hline \end{array} \]