Question

Write the religious causes for the revolt of 1857.

Hint:

Religious factors, such as the introduction of the greased cartridges, missionary activities, and disrespect for traditional customs, played a significant role in triggering the 1857 revolt.

Answer 1

The revolt of 1857, also known as the First War of Indian Independence, had multiple causes, with religious factors playing a significant role in fueling the discontent among Indian soldiers and civilians. Below are the main religious causes that contributed to the revolt:
Step 1: Introduction of Enfield Rifles and the Greased Cartridge Issue.
One of the key religious causes of the revolt was the introduction of the Enfield rifle by the British East India Company. The cartridges for these rifles were rumored to be greased with animal fat, particularly from cows and pigs. This enraged both Hindu and Muslim soldiers, as cows are sacred to Hindus, and pigs are considered impure by Muslims. The belief that they had to bite off the cartridge’s tip, which was allegedly greased with these animal fats, led to widespread resentment and a sense of religious disrespect.
Step 2: Conversion Efforts by Christian Missionaries.
Another religious cause was the growing influence of Christian missionaries in India. The British authorities' encouragement of missionary activities in India, particularly their attempts to convert Hindus and Muslims to Christianity, caused anxiety and anger. The Indian population feared that the British aimed to undermine their traditional religious practices and convert them forcibly, which fueled resentment and opposition.
Step 3: Impact of Lord Canning's Policies.
The policies of Lord Canning, the British Governor-General, also contributed to the religious causes. He issued orders that undermined Hindu and Muslim customs. For instance, the introduction of the Doctrine of Lapse had political implications, but it also heightened religious tensions by interfering with the practices of Hindu kings and rulers, further alienating the native population.
Step 4: Disrespect towards Religious Symbols.
The British government’s disregard for religious practices also played a role. The British promoted policies that were seen as disrespectful towards local traditions and religions. The introduction of Western education and legal systems, which were largely disconnected from Indian customs, made many Indians feel that their religious identity was under attack.