Question

Write the main steps in the extraction of aluminium.

Hint:

Remember: The extraction of aluminum involves crushing the ore, the Bayer process for purification, and electrolysis to extract the metal.

Answer 1

The extraction of aluminum involves the following main steps: The bauxite ore, which is the primary source of aluminum, is crushed and ground into a fine powder to facilitate extraction. The crushed bauxite is then treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at high temperatures. This process separates alumina (Al2O3) from impurities like iron oxide and silica. The alumina is then purified by precipitation. The purified alumina is then subjected to electrolysis, where it is dissolved in molten cryolite (Na3AlF6) and then subjected to direct current. This breaks down the alumina into aluminum metal (Al) and oxygen gas (O2). Aluminum metal is collected at the cathode, while oxygen gas is released at the anode.