Question

Write short notes on Lichen and Mycorrhiza.

Hint:

Both lichen and mycorrhiza play crucial roles in nutrient cycling and ecosystem stability.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understand Lichen.
Lichen is a symbiotic association between a fungus and an alga (or cyanobacterium). The fungus provides a protective structure, while the alga or cyanobacterium performs photosynthesis, supplying food to the fungus. Lichens are sensitive to air pollution and are often used as bioindicators of environmental health.
Step 2: Understand Mycorrhiza.
Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between fungi and the roots of plants. The fungus helps in absorbing water and minerals, especially phosphorus, while the plant provides carbohydrates to the fungus. This mutualistic relationship enhances the plant's growth and is found in most plant species.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{Lichen: Symbiotic association between fungus and alga, Mycorrhiza: Symbiotic association between fungus and plant roots.}} \]