Question

Write in brief 'In Vitro Fertilization' (IVF).

Hint:

IVF is one of the most common assisted reproductive technologies and has a higher success rate when performed at a younger age, as egg quality plays a major role in conception.

Answer 1

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is an assisted reproductive technology (ART) used to help couples conceive a child when natural conception is difficult. The term "in vitro" means "outside the body," and in this process, fertilization occurs in a laboratory dish rather than inside the woman's body. Steps involved in IVF: \begin{enumerate} \item Ovarian Stimulation: Hormonal injections are given to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. \item Egg Retrieval: Mature eggs are collected from the woman's ovaries through a minor surgical procedure. \item Fertilization: The eggs are combined with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment to achieve fertilization. \item Embryo Culture: The fertilized eggs (embryos) are cultured in the lab for a few days. \item Embryo Transfer: The healthiest embryo(s) are transferred into the woman's uterus to establish pregnancy. \end{enumerate} IVF is widely used to treat infertility caused by blocked fallopian tubes, low sperm count, ovulation disorders, or unexplained infertility. It has given hope to millions of couples worldwide who face challenges in conceiving naturally.