Question

Write chemical reactions for the following conversions:
i. Acetic acid into acetic anhydride
ii. Acetic acid into ethyl alcohol
Write IUPAC name and structure of methylphenylamine.

Hint:

Use strong reducing agents like LiAlH\(_4\) for carboxylic acid reductions; IUPAC names prioritize functional group hierarchy.

Answer 1

i. Acetic Acid to Acetic Anhydride:
\[ 2 \chemfig{CH_3-COOH} \xrightarrow{\text{P}_2\text{O}_5, \text{heat}} \chemfig{CH_3-C(=O)-O-C(=O)-CH_3} + \chemfig{H_2O}. \] P\(_2\)O\(_5\) dehydrates two acetic acid molecules.
ii. Acetic Acid to Ethyl Alcohol:
\[ \chemfig{CH_3-COOH} \xrightarrow{\text{i) LiAlH}_4, \text{ii) H}_3\text{O}^+} \chemfig{CH_3-CH_2-OH}. \] LiAlH\(_4\) reduces the carboxyl group to a primary alcohol.
Methylphenylamine:
IUPAC Name: N-Methylaniline.
Structure: \( \chemfig{C_6H_5-NH-CH_3} \).