Question

Write chemical reaction for the preparation of glucose from sucrose. Write structure of D-ribose.

Hint:

Sucrose hydrolysis yields equal amounts of glucose and fructose; D-ribose is commonly depicted in its furanose ring form in biochemical contexts.

Answer 1

i. Preparation of Glucose from Sucrose: Sucrose (\( \text{C}_{12}\text{H}_{22}\text{O}_{11} \)) is hydrolyzed in the presence of dilute acid (e.g., HCl) or enzyme (invertase) to produce glucose and fructose: \[ \chemfig{C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}} + \chemfig{H_2O} \xrightarrow{\text{H}^+ \text{ or invertase}} \chemfig{C_6H_{12}O_6} \text{(glucose)} + \chemfig{C_6H_{12}O_6} \text{(fructose)}. \] ii. Structure of D-Ribose: D-Ribose is a pentose sugar with the following open-chain structure: \[ \chemfig{HO-CH_2-CH(OH)-CH(OH)-CH(OH)-CH=O} \] In its cyclic form (furanose), it is: \[ \chemfig{HO-CH_2-[:30](-[:90]OH)-[:-30](-[:90]OH)-[:-150](-[:90]OH)-[:150]O-[:90]} \]