Question

Write a short note on water pollution.

Hint:

Clean water is essential for all forms of life; preventing water pollution ensures health, sustainability, and ecological balance.

Answer 1

Water pollution refers to the contamination of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and oceans due to the discharge of harmful substances like industrial waste, sewage, and chemicals. It affects aquatic life, human health, and the environment.
Step 1: Causes of Water Pollution.
Major causes include industrial effluents, agricultural runoff containing fertilizers and pesticides, domestic sewage, and oil spills. These pollutants degrade the quality of water and disturb the natural ecosystem.
Step 2: Effects of Water Pollution.
Contaminated water leads to the spread of diseases, death of aquatic organisms, and loss of biodiversity. It also disrupts the food chain and reduces the availability of safe drinking water.
Step 3: Control Measures.
Water pollution can be controlled through proper waste treatment, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, promoting afforestation, and enforcing strict pollution control laws.