Question

Write a short note on denaturation of proteins.

Hint:

Always remember: Denaturation affects the shape and function of proteins but does not break peptide bonds of the primary structure.

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition.
Denaturation of proteins is the process in which proteins lose their native three-dimensional structure without breaking peptide bonds. This leads to the loss of their biological activity.
Step 2: Causes of Denaturation.
Denaturation can be caused by heat, strong acids or bases, heavy metal ions, organic solvents, or radiation.
Step 3: Effects of Denaturation.
- Hydrogen bonds and other non-covalent interactions are disrupted.
- The protein unfolds, losing its specific shape and biological function.
- Example: When egg white (albumin) is boiled, it turns from transparent to opaque due to protein denaturation.
Conclusion:
Denaturation of proteins is an irreversible process in most cases, resulting in the loss of their natural activity and function.