Question

Write a note on In-situ and Ex-situ conservation.

Hint:

In-situ conservation preserves ecosystems, while ex-situ acts as a backup for critically endangered species.

Answer 1

In-situ Conservation: - Involves protecting species in their natural habitats by preserving ecosystems. - Examples: National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves (e.g., Sundarbans for tigers). - Advantages: Maintains natural ecological processes, supports genetic diversity. - Challenges: Habitat destruction, human encroachment. Ex-situ Conservation: - Involves conserving species outside their natural habitats in controlled environments. - Examples: Zoos, botanical gardens, seed banks, gene banks, cryopreservation (e.g., Kew Seed Bank for plant seeds). - Advantages: Protects species from extinction, allows breeding programs. - Challenges: Limited genetic diversity, high maintenance costs.