Question

Write a note on enzymes used in DNA replication.

Hint:

DNA replication is a complex process that requires several enzymes to ensure accurate and efficient copying of genetic material.

Answer 1

DNA replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA before cell division. Several enzymes are involved in ensuring that this process occurs accurately: 1. Helicase: Unwinds the double-stranded DNA helix, creating two single-stranded templates for replication. 2. DNA Polymerase: Adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand. It works in the 5' to 3' direction and requires a primer to start. 3. Primase: Synthesizes RNA primers that provide the starting point for DNA polymerase to begin adding nucleotides. 4. Ligase: Seals the gaps between the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, completing the replication process. 5. Topoisomerase: Prevents DNA from getting tangled or supercoiled during replication by making temporary cuts and resealing the DNA strands.
Final Answer: Enzymes such as helicase, DNA polymerase, primase, ligase, and topoisomerase work together to ensure accurate DNA replication.