Wolof speakers use a secret language called Kall. Words in Wolof are changed to Kall in a systematic manner, as shown in the data. In the change from Wolof to Kall, which of the given constraints cannot be violated?
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In phonological transformations, constraints like DEP-IO and LINEARITY-IO ensure that the integrity of the input structure is maintained in the output.
Step 1: Understanding the constraints.
- (A) MAX-IO: This constraint ensures that no segments are deleted during the transformation. The data doesn't show any deletions, so this constraint isn't violated.
- (B) DEP-IO: This constraint requires that all input segments are realized in the output, without any deletion. Since the vowel sounds are preserved in the transformation (e.g., "sama" to "masa"), this constraint is not violated.
- (C) FOOT-BINARITY: This constraint requires that feet be binary (i.e., contain two syllables). The data doesn't seem to violate this, but it’s not the key constraint in this case.
- (D) LINEARITY-IO: This constraint requires that the order of segments in the input is preserved in the output. The data shows that the transformation follows a systematic pattern, meaning this constraint cannot be violated.
Step 2: Conclusion.
The correct answers are (B) DEP-IO and (D) LINEARITY-IO, as these constraints ensure that the transformation from Wolof to Kall preserves input-output relationships.
