Step 1: Understanding the Widal test.
The Widal test is a serological test that detects antibodies (O and H agglutinins) against Salmonella typhi.
Step 2: Clinical use.
Since Salmonella typhi is the causative agent of typhoid fever, the Widal test is specifically used to diagnose typhoid.
Final Answer:
\[
\boxed{\text{Typhoid}}
\]