Question

Why metals show their maximum oxidation states in oxides and fluorides?

Hint:

In oxides and fluorides, metals can achieve their highest oxidation states because oxygen and fluorine are strong electron acceptors, facilitating the oxidation process.

Answer 1

Metals tend to show their maximum oxidation states in oxides and fluorides due to the highly electronegative nature of oxygen and fluorine. Oxygen and fluorine have a strong tendency to accept electrons, which allows the metal to lose its electrons more readily.
- In oxides (with oxygen as the ligand) and fluorides (with fluorine as the ligand), the metal tends to reach its highest oxidation state, as the electron withdrawing effect of oxygen and fluorine makes it easier for the metal to lose electrons. This is why, for example, metals like titanium, manganese, and chromium show their highest oxidation states in these compounds.