Question

Who was the Governor General/Viceroy of India during the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?

• A. Lord Curzon
• B. Lord Irwin
• C. Lord Chelmsford
• D. Lord Minto

Hint:

To remember this, connect the major events of 1919: The Rowlatt Act, the nationwide protests against it, and the resulting Jallianwala Bagh Massacre all happened under the same Viceroy, Lord Chelmsford.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Question
This is a factual history question that asks to identify the Viceroy of India at the time of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.

Step 2: Recalling the Date and Context


The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, Punjab.

We need to identify who was the Viceroy during this year.

Lord Chelmsford's tenure as Viceroy of India was from 1916 to 1921. The year 1919 falls squarely within his term. The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 are also named after him.


Step 3: Evaluating the Options


(A) Lord Curzon: Viceroy from 1899 to 1905. He is known for the Partition of Bengal.

(B) Lord Irwin: Viceroy from 1926 to 1931. He is associated with the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.

(C) Lord Chelmsford: Viceroy from 1916 to 1921. The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre and the enactment of the Rowlatt Act both occurred during his tenure.

(D) Lord Minto: This refers to Lord Minto II, Viceroy from 1905 to 1910. He is associated with the Morley-Minto Reforms.


Step 4: Final Answer
The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre occurred in 1919, during the viceroyalty of Lord Chelmsford. Therefore, option (C) is the correct answer.