Step 1: Understanding the question.
The question asks about the current Chairperson of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Step 2: Analyzing the options. (A) Raghuram Rajan: He is a former RBI Governor, not SEBI Chairperson. (B) Urjit Patel: He is also a former RBI Governor. (C) Madhabi Puri Buch: Correct — She is the current Chairperson of SEBI and the first woman to hold this position. (D) Nirmala Sitharaman: She is the Finance Minister of India. Step 3: Conclusion.
The current Chairperson of SEBI is Madhabi Puri Buch.