Question

Who gave 'Downward Filtration Theory' in Education?

• A. Wood
• B. Macaulay
• C. Hunter
• D. Harding

Hint:

Remember: The Downward Filtration Theory is related to the idea of filtering higher education to the masses, first articulated by Hunter in the 1882 Hunter Commission.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding Downward Filtration Theory
- The Downward Filtration Theory in education was proposed by Sir Charles Wood. It suggests that education should be filtered from the upper classes (higher education) to the lower classes (elementary education), with higher education influencing the lower classes.
- However, this theory was formally articulated by Hunter in the Hunter Commission (1882) which aimed at improving the education system in India during British colonial rule.
Step 2: Analyzing the options
- (A) Wood: While Sir Charles Wood is associated with the Wood's Despatch of 1854, which laid the foundation for education policy in India, he is not directly associated with the Downward Filtration Theory.
- (B) Macaulay: Thomas Babington Macaulay is known for his Minute on Education (1835), which influenced the development of the English education system in India, but not for the Downward Filtration Theory.
- (C) Hunter: Correct. The Downward Filtration Theory is attributed to Hunter, who proposed a system where education would flow from the higher levels to the lower classes in a filtering manner.
- (D) Harding: There is no significant association of Harding with the Downward Filtration Theory in education.
Step 3: Conclusion
Thus, the correct answer is (C) Hunter, as the Downward Filtration Theory is attributed to him.
\[ \boxed{\text{Correct Answer: (C) Hunter}} \]