Question

Who among the following has been given the power by the Constitution of India to "Impose Reasonable Restrictions" on the fundamental rights?

• A. President
• B. Parliament
• C. Supreme Court
• D. Both Parliament and Supreme Court

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The Indian Constitution grants certain fundamental rights to its citizens, as enshrined in Part III (Articles 12 to 35). However, these rights are not absolute and can be subject to "reasonable restrictions." The provision for these restrictions balances individual rights with the collective interest of society.

The authority to impose reasonable restrictions on fundamental rights lies with the Parliament, allowing it to legislatively restrict these rights under specific conditions. This power is critical for maintaining order and safeguarding against misuse of rights.

Let's examine why the Parliament has this power and rule out the other options:

• President: The President of India is primarily a ceremonial head of state and does not have legislative powers to impose restrictions on fundamental rights. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
• Parliament: The Parliament is a legislative body with the power to make laws, including those that can impose reasonable restrictions on fundamental rights. For instance, Article 19(2) allows Parliament to impose restrictions on the right to free speech in the interest of national security, public order, etc. Thus, this is the correct answer.
• Supreme Court: While the Supreme Court can interpret constitutional provisions and laws, it does not have the power to impose restrictions. It ensures laws do not violate rights but does not legislate restrictions. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
• Both Parliament and Supreme Court: As established, the Supreme Court does not legislate. Its role is interpretative and judicial. Thus, this combined option is incorrect.

Conclusion: The power to impose reasonable restrictions on the fundamental rights in India is vested in the Parliament. This legislative measure ensures that while individual freedoms are protected, they are not detrimental to societal harmony and public welfare.