Question

Who, among the following, founded the Vijayanagara Empire?

• A. Krishnadeva Raya
• B. Harihara and Bukka
• C. Raja Raya
• D. Rajendra II

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The Vijayanagara Empire, a significant power in South India, was founded by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I in 1336 CE. More detailed information follows:

• Background: Before establishing the empire, Harihara and Bukka served in the armies of the Kakatiya kingdom (based in Warangal) and, later, the Hoysala Empire. The political instability in the region following the invasions from the Delhi Sultanate created a power vacuum that the brothers seized to create their own independent state.
• Foundation: The empire was established on the southern banks of the Tungabhadra River in the Deccan Plateau. It was strategically located to defend against incursions from the north. The initial capital was Anegundi, which was later moved to Vijayanagara (meaning "City of Victory").
• Significance of the Founding: The founding of the Vijayanagara Empire is seen as a pivotal moment in South Indian history. It represented a resurgence of Hindu power and culture in the face of Muslim expansion. The empire became a bulwark against the Delhi Sultanate and other Islamic powers, protecting the region for over two centuries.
• Early Rulers: Harihara I was the first ruler, followed by Bukka Raya I. They consolidated their power, expanded the kingdom, and laid the foundation for a strong and prosperous empire that would flourish under subsequent dynasties, most notably the Sangama, Saluva, Tuluva, and Aravidu dynasties.

The Vijayanagara Empire became a center of art, architecture, literature, and philosophy, leaving a lasting legacy on South Indian culture and history. Its foundation by Harihara and Bukka marked the beginning of a golden age for the region.