Question

Which receptor helps in the improvement of insulin resistance in DM2 with regular exercise and physical activity?

• A. GLUT1
• B. GLUT4
• C. GLUT2
• D. GLUT3

Hint:

Exercise improves insulin sensitivity by increasing the number of GLUT4 transporters on muscle cell membranes, facilitating glucose uptake.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Explanation: In the context of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2), insulin resistance is a significant issue wherein cells become less responsive to insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. One of the key ways regular exercise and physical activity help improve this condition is through the action of glucose transporters, specifically GLUT4.

Role of GLUT4: GLUT4 (Glucose Transporter Type 4) is a protein found in adipose tissues and striated muscles (skeletal and cardiac) responsible for the uptake of glucose into the cells from the bloodstream. When you exercise regularly, muscle contractions stimulate the translocation of GLUT4 from intracellular compartments to the cell surface, independent of insulin. This process facilitates greater glucose entry into muscle cells, thereby reducing blood glucose levels and improving insulin sensitivity.

Conclusion: The increase in GLUT4 activity and its translocation to the cell membrane during physical activity leads to improved insulin sensitivity and resistance management in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Answer: GLUT4