Question

Which PDE 4 inhibitor is used in COPD?

• A. Montelukast
• B. Theophylline
• C. Cromoglicate
• D. Omalizumab

Hint:

Theophylline requires monitoring due to a narrow therapeutic index and potential side effects like tachycardia and nausea.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Theophylline is a methylxanthine drug commonly used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. It acts primarily as a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, particularly inhibiting PDE-4, leading to an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP). This results in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and anti-inflammatory effects. Though primarily classified as a nonspecific PDE inhibitor, its PDE-4 inhibitory activity contributes significantly to its bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory effects in COPD. This leads to improved airflow and reduced symptoms in COPD patients. Other options:
- Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist, not a PDE inhibitor.
- Cromoglicate is a mast cell stabilizer.
- Omalizumab is an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody used mainly in allergic asthma.