Question

Which one of the following processes is primarily responsible for the poleward transport of energy in the midlatitude troposphere?

• A. Atmospheric tides
• B. Baroclinic waves
• C. Gravity waves
• D. Turbulence in the boundary layer

Hint:

Baroclinic waves (mid-latitude cyclones) are crucial for poleward energy transport, balancing the temperature differences between the tropics and the poles.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

In the midlatitude troposphere, the primary mechanism for the poleward transport of energy is the baroclinic wave. Baroclinic waves are large-scale atmospheric disturbances that arise due to the temperature gradient between the polar and tropical regions. These waves play a key role in redistributing heat from lower latitudes (tropics) to higher latitudes (polar regions) through the atmosphere.
Let’s analyze each option:
- Option (A) Atmospheric tides:
Atmospheric tides are oscillations in the atmosphere that are driven by solar radiation, primarily affecting the upper atmosphere. While they do have some influence on energy transport, they are not the primary driver of poleward heat transport in the troposphere.
- Option (B) Baroclinic waves:
This is the correct answer. Baroclinic waves, often referred to as mid-latitude cyclones, are the main mechanism for the poleward transport of energy in the midlatitude troposphere. These waves help redistribute warm air from the tropics toward the poles, balancing the energy distribution across latitudes.
- Option (C) Gravity waves:
Gravity waves are typically associated with vertical motions in the atmosphere and are related to the stabilization of the atmosphere. While they can affect local weather patterns, they do not play a significant role in the large-scale poleward transport of energy.
- Option (D) Turbulence in the boundary layer:
Turbulence in the boundary layer primarily affects the transfer of heat and momentum near the Earth's surface. While it is important for local weather dynamics, it does not significantly contribute to the large-scale poleward transport of energy in the midlatitude troposphere.
Thus, (B) Baroclinic waves is the correct answer, as they are responsible for the majority of energy transport from the tropics to the poles in the midlatitude troposphere.