Which one of the following is the starter codon ?
- UGA
- UAA
- UAG
- AUG
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
The correct answer is:
Option 4: AUG
Explanation:
The starter codon is the codon that signals the beginning of protein synthesis (translation) in cells. The universal start codon is AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine in eukaryotes and a modified methionine (formylmethionine) in prokaryotes. This codon is crucial for initiating the translation process on the ribosome.
UGA, UAA, and UAG are stop codons, which signal the end of protein synthesis. They do not initiate translation.
Thus, the correct starter codon is AUG.
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Concepts Used:
The Molecular Basis of Inheritance
DNA Replication:
DNA synthesis is commenced at particular points within the DNA strand referred to as ‘origins’, which are certain coding regions. There are numerous origin sites, and when replication of DNA starts, these sites are mentioned as replication forks. Within the replication, the complex is the enzyme DNA Helicase, so that they can be utilized as a template for replication. DNA Primase is another enzyme that's essential in DNA replication.
RNA:
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an essential biological macromolecule that exists all together in biological cells. It is principally involved in the synthesis of proteins, that carry the messenger instructions from DNA, which itself contains the genetic instructions needed for the event and maintenance of life. In some viruses, RNA, in spite of DNA, carries genetic information.
Genetic Code:
Genetic code is the term we use in the manner that the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are strung together in a way that the ribosome, the cellular machinery, can read them and switch them into a protein. In the ordering, every three nucleotides during a row count as a triplet and code for one amino alkanoic acid.
Read More: Molecular Basis of Inheritance