Which one of the following has unit positive charge and $1$ amu mass?
- Electron
- Neutron
- Proton
- None of these
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
The correct answer is Proton.
Protons are positively charged particles with a mass of around one atomic mass unit. The number of protons in an atom is the same as the atomic number. A proton's charge is equal to and opposite to that of an electron just with an opposite sign.
The charge of a proton is +1.602 x 10-19 coulombs.
And its mass is 1amu = 1.677 x 10-27 kg.
Within the nucleus of a hydrogen atom are positively charged protons. An atom is made up of protons, electrons, and neutrons. The whole mass of an atom is contained in the nucleus, situated in the middle of the atom. Protons and neutrons, generally referred to as nucleons, make up the nucleus. Around the nucleus, electrons orbit in a circular pattern.
Electrons are negatively charged and neutrons are neutral.
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Concepts Used:
Discovery of Atom
According to the school textbooks, the man credited by modern science for managing extensive research work on atoms and developing atomic theory goes to an English chemist and physicist John Dalton. However, it might be surprising for many people today but some early records or shreds of evidence show that the concept of atoms was actually formulated much earlier.
The recorded history of the atom started around 450 B.C. with a Greek philosopher commonly known as Democritus. Often, he used to wonder that if a piece of the matter was cut into smaller and smaller portions then the process would get to a point where that matter could not be divided into finer or smaller pieces. He named these indivisible pieces or basic units atoms (uncuttable) which lately translated to the modern term atom.
So the basic idea that matter comprises tiny indivisible particles is actually quite old. It has been existing not only in ancient Greece cultures but in India as well. However, the only reason that these we discredit was because this ancient idea was majorly based on philosophical reasoning rather than scientific reasoning.
Scientifically, John Dalton did revive Democritus’s early ideas about the atom and he organized many experiments that provided evidence for the existence of atoms. Often, he has been referred to as the father of atoms or atomic theory.
Read More: Structure of Atom