Which one of the following compounds shows the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bond?
- ${H_2O_2}$
- $HCN$
- Cellulose
- Concentrated acetic acid
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Chain Conformations of Cellulose
Cellulose is a polysaccharide made up of β-glucose units linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. The individual glucose molecules in the cellulose chain are held together by hydrogen bonds, which play a key role in stabilizing the structure of cellulose.
Stabilization of Chain Conformations:
The cellulose molecule adopts a specific chain conformation in which the chains are stabilized by the formation of hydrogen bonds. These bonds occur in a parallel arrangement to the glycosidic linkage between the glucose units. This bonding pattern helps to reinforce the structure of the cellulose and contributes to its strength and rigidity.
- Each glucose unit in the chain can form two hydrogen bonds with adjacent chains, which increases the overall stability of the cellulose structure.
- The hydrogen bonding between the chains is responsible for cellulose's high tensile strength, making it one of the most abundant and durable biopolymers in nature.
Conclusion:
The chain conformations of cellulose are stabilized by two hydrogen bonds in parallel to the glycosidic linkage, contributing to the strength and structural integrity of cellulose in plants and other organisms.
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Concepts Used:
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Such a group of atoms is called a molecule. Obviously, there must be some force that holds these constituent atoms together in the molecules. The attractive force which holds various constituents (atoms, ions, etc.) together in different chemical species is called a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds:
There are 4 types of chemical bonds which are formed by atoms or molecules to yield compounds.
- Ionic Bonds - Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding which involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another.
- Covalent Bonds - Compounds that contain carbon commonly exhibit this type of chemical bonding.
- Hydrogen Bonds - It is a type of polar covalent bonding between oxygen and hydrogen wherein the hydrogen develops a partial positive charge
- Polar Bonds - In Polar Covalent chemical bonding, electrons are shared unequally since the more electronegative atom pulls the electron pair closer to itself and away from the less electronegative atom.
Factors Affecting Bond Enthalpy in Chemical Bonding:
- Size of the Atom
- Multiplicity of Bonds
- Number of Lone Pair of Electrons Present
- Bond Angle