Question:

Which one of the following combination would a sugarcane farmer look for in the sugarcane crop?

Updated On: Jul 7, 2022
  • Thick stem, long internodes, high sugar content and disease resistant
  • Thick stem, high sugar content and profuse flowering
  • Thick stem, short internodes, high sugar content, disease resistant
  • Thick stem, low sugar content, disease resistant
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Saccharum barberi was grown in north India but has poor sugar content and poor yield. Similarly, Saccharum officinarum was grown in south India and has high sugar content with thick stems. These two species were crossed to get a hybrid with thick stem, long internodes, high sugar content, disease resistant and high yield. Therefore, the farmers of India look for this type of sugarcane variety.
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Notes on Strategies For Enhancement in Food Production

Concepts Used:

Strategies For Enhancement in Food Production

Animal Husbandry

The raising and breeding of livestock are known as animal husbandry. Dairy farm management and fisheries are also included under animal husbandry and responsible for the selection of good breeds for better yield, maintaining a well-ventilated house and proper cleanliness and hygiene, and regulating proper disposal of waste.

Read More: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

Animal Breeding

The practice of raising a group of animals belonging to a common species. Inbreeding and outbreeding are the two types of animal breeding.

  1. Animals of superior male and female breed are made to mate for 4 to 6 generations. According to Mendel's experiment, true-breeding species or pure lines are created by Inbreeding which results in homozygosity.
  2. The breeding involving animals that are not related is known as outbreeding.
  3. Bee-keeping: The rearing of bees for the production of honey and beeswax is known as apiculture. One of the most common species of the honey bee is Apis indica. Beeswax is used to prepare polish, cosmetics, etc.
  4. Fisheries: Cultivation or breeding of aquatic flora and fauna for a commercial purpose is known as aquaculture. Fish and fish products for consumption are known as pisciculture.

Plant Breeding

In order to get rid of nutrient deficiency diseases, crops need to have a specific nutrient value besides disease resistance, pest resistance, and high yield capacity. There are many strategies for enhancing food production through plant breeding.

  1. Somatic Hybrids
  2. Totipotency
  3. Biofortification

Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance

Plant Breeding for Pest Resistance

Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality

Single-Cell Protein

One of the ways to meet the growing demand of nutrients in plants and animals is a single-cell protein which is biomass that is rich in protein. microbes are produced on an industrial scale to get single-cell protein.