Which of the following would have a permanent dipole moment?
BF3
SiF4
SF4
XeF4
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
The dipole moments in BF3 cancel one another.
Because of sp3d hybridization, which produces a net dipole moment, SiF4 has a bent structure.
Due to the cancellation of dipole moments, SF4 has no net permanent dipole.
Because of its planar nature, XeF4 is not polar.
Therefore, it is evident from the findings above that SF4 contains a single pair in its outer shell. Four of the six electrons in the s subshell form a link with the F atom, leaving two electrons as lone pairs.
Therefore, the correct option is (C): SF4
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Concepts Used:
Bond Parameters
Covalent bonds can be characterized on the basis of several bond parameters such as bond length, bond angle, bond order, and bond energy (also known as bond enthalpy). These bond parameters offer insight into the stability of a chemical compound and the strength of the chemical bonds holding its atoms together.
Bond parameters
- Bond length: it is an equilibrium distance between the centres of the nuclei of the two bonded atoms. It is expressed in terms of A.
- Bond Angle: It is characterized as the point between the orbitals consisting of holding electron sets around the focal iota in an atom/complex particle. Bond points are communicated in degrees which are tentatively controlled by spectroscopic strategies.
- Bond Enthalpy: the measure of energy needed to break one mole of obligations of a specific sort between two molecules in a vaporous state. The unit of bond enthalpy is kJ mol–1. The more the bond enthalpy, the more grounded the bond is.
For example, The H—H bond enthalpy in hydrogen is 435.8 kJ mol-1. \
- Bond Order: According to Lewis, Bond Order is given by the number of connections between the two atoms in a particle.
Bond order of H2 (H —H) =1
Bond order of 02 (O = O) =2
Bond order of N2 (N = N) =3
- Resonance Structures: It is observed that there are many molecules whose behaviour cannot be explained by a single Lewis structure.
Read More: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure