Question

Which of the following type of cartilage is present at the joints of long bones in humans?

• A. \( \text{Fibrous} \)
• B. \( \text{Hyaline} \)
• C. \( \text{Elastic} \)
• D. \( \text{Calcified} \)

Hint:

Hyaline cartilage provides smooth articulation at synovial joints, reducing friction and aiding shock absorption. It's the most common cartilage found at the ends of long bones.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To solve this problem, let's dive into the details of the types of cartilage and identify which one is present at the joints of long bones in humans.

1. What is Cartilage?

Cartilage is a flexible, connective tissue found in various parts of the body, including joints, where it provides cushioning, support, and smooth movement. It is classified into three main types: hyaline, elastic, and fibrous, with calcified cartilage being a modified form in certain conditions.

2. What are the Joints of Long Bones?

The joints of long bones in humans typically refer to synovial joints (e.g., knee, hip, or shoulder), where the ends of long bones are covered with cartilage to reduce friction and absorb shock during movement. The type of cartilage at these joints is critical for their function.

3. Analyzing the Type of Cartilage at Joints:

Let’s evaluate the types of cartilage to determine which is found at the joints of long bones:

• Fibrous cartilage: This type is tough and found in areas like the intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis. It is designed for strength and shock absorption but is not typically found at the ends of long bones in synovial joints.
• Hyaline cartilage: This is a smooth, glassy cartilage found at the ends of long bones in synovial joints, forming the articular cartilage. It provides a low-friction surface for smooth movement and cushions the bones.
• Elastic cartilage: This type is flexible and contains elastic fibers, found in structures like the ear and epiglottis. It is not typically present at the joints of long bones.
• Calcified cartilage: This is cartilage that has become hardened due to calcium deposits, often seen in aging or certain pathological conditions. It is not the primary cartilage type at the joints of long bones.

4. Explanation of the Options:

- Option 1: Fibrous – Incorrect, as fibrous cartilage is found in areas like intervertebral discs, not at the articular surfaces of long bones.
- Option 2: Hyaline – Correct, as hyaline cartilage forms the articular cartilage at the ends of long bones in synovial joints, providing a smooth surface for movement.
- Option 3: Elastic – Incorrect, as elastic cartilage is found in structures like the ear and epiglottis, not at the joints of long bones.
- Option 4: Calcified – Incorrect, as calcified cartilage is not the primary type at healthy synovial joints; it may occur in pathological conditions but is not typical.

5. Why This Matters:

Understanding the type of cartilage at the joints of long bones is essential for studying joint function and related medical conditions, such as arthritis, where hyaline cartilage degradation can lead to pain and reduced mobility. Hyaline cartilage’s role in providing a smooth, low-friction surface is critical for healthy joint movement.

6. Final Answer:

The type of cartilage present at the joints of long bones in humans is Hyaline.