Question:

Which of the following statements is correct ?

Updated On: Jul 7, 2022
  • Sodium carbonate decomposes on heating
  • Sodium bicarbonate is more soluble in water than potassium bicarbonate
  • Sodium when heated with excess of $O_2$, gives peroxide
  • Lithium halides are highly ionic in nature
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Only $(c)$ is the correct statement, others are incorrect and these are corrected as $(a)$ Lithium carbonate decomposes on heating. $(b)$ Potassium bicarbonate is more soluble in water than sodium bicarbonate. $(d)$ Lithium halides are highly covalent in nature.
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Concepts Used:

Group 1 Elements

Group one of alkali metals is s-block elements with just one electron in their s-orbital. They are are alkali metals. They are named so because of the alkaline nature of the hydroxides and oxides.

Alkali metals are characterized by one s-electron in the valence shell of their atoms.

Alkali metals have a corresponding [Noble gas] ns1 electronic configuration. They occupy the first column of the periodic table. Alkali elements are:

  • Lithium(Li)
  • Sodium(Na)
  • Potassium (K)
  • Rubidium (Ru)
  • Cesium (Cs)
  • Francium (Fr)

They have occupied successive periods from first to seven. Francium is a radioactive element with very low half-life.

Electronic Configuration:

  • Alkali metals have one electron in their valence shell.
  • The electronic configuration is given by ns1. For example, the electronic configuration of lithium is given by 1ns1 2ns1.
  • They tend to lose the outer shell electron to form cations with charge +1 (monovalent ions).

This makes them the most electropositive elements and due to the same reason, they are not found in the pure state.