Question

Which of the following statements is/are TRUE for the aerobic composting of sewage sludge?

• A. Bulking agent is added during the composting process to reduce the porosity of the solid mixture
• B. Leachate can be generated during composting
• C. Actinomycetes are involved in the process
• D. In-vessel composting systems cannot be operated in the plug-flow mode

Hint:

Remember that bulking agents increase porosity for better aeration in composting. Leachate is a natural byproduct during composting, and actinomycetes are crucial for breaking down complex organic materials.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B, C

Statement (A): A bulking agent is added to increase porosity and improve aeration, not to reduce it. Hence, Statement (A) is False.
Statement (B): During the aerobic composting process, leachate can indeed be generated due to the breakdown of organic matter and moisture content. Hence, Statement (B) is True.
Statement (C): Actinomycetes are microorganisms that play a significant role in the breakdown of tough organic materials like lignin, and they are involved in the composting process. Hence, Statement (C) is True.
Statement (D): In-vessel composting systems can indeed be operated in the plug-flow mode, which is a common setup to optimize the process. Hence, Statement (D) is False.
\[ \boxed{\text{Correct Statements: (B) and (C)}} \]