Question

In sewage treatment, flocs are:

• A. The solids that settle during sedimentation.
• B. The supernatant formed above the primary sludge.
• C. The masses of bacteria associated with fungal filaments.
• D. The bacteria that grow anaerobically and are called anaerobic sludge digesters.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Flocs: Microbial Aggregates in Sewage Treatment 

This question describes the composition and role of "flocs" in the biological treatment of sewage.

What are Flocs?

• Flocs are complex aggregates of microorganisms that play a crucial role in the secondary treatment of sewage.
• They are essentially masses of bacteria.
• The bacterial communities within flocs are diverse and specialized in degrading various organic pollutants.

Associated Fungal Filaments:

• Fungal filaments are often associated with flocs, providing structural support and contributing to the overall floc structure.
• The filamentous structure helps to create a larger surface area, enhancing the efficiency of organic matter removal.

Role in Sewage Treatment:

• Flocs are essential for breaking down organic matter in sewage.
• The bacteria within the flocs consume organic pollutants, converting them into less harmful substances, such as carbon dioxide and water.
• Floc formation allows for the efficient settling and removal of these microbial aggregates from the treated wastewater.

Significance:

• Floc formation is a critical process in wastewater treatment plants, enabling the effective removal of organic pollutants and ensuring that treated water meets environmental quality standards.