Question

Which of the following statements is/are correct with reference to subsurface water?

• A. The perched water table occurs below the water table
• B. Vadose water occurs in the zone of aeration
• C. For significant groundwater underflow, the medium must be highly permeable
• D. Intersection of the water table with the land surface can result in the formation of a spring

Hint:

The water table marks the boundary between saturated and unsaturated zones, and its position can influence groundwater flow and the formation of springs.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B, C, D

Step 1: Understanding Subsurface Water.
- Vadose water occurs in the zone above the water table, in the unsaturated zone or zone of aeration (B is correct).
- Groundwater underflow occurs in permeable media, such as sand and gravel, where water can move easily (C is correct).
- A perched water table is a localized water table above the regional water table, often due to an impermeable layer (A is incorrect).
- When the water table intersects the surface, it forms springs, where groundwater flows to the surface (D is correct).
Step 2: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (B), (C), and (D).