To determine which of the given statements are correct, we must evaluate each statement based on historical facts.
(A) Guru Arjan compiled Guru Nanak’s hymns in the Adi Granth Sahib. This statement is correct. Guru Arjan, the fifth Sikh Guru, indeed compiled the hymns of Guru Nanak and those of other Sikh Gurus and saints into the Adi Granth Sahib.
(B) Guru Tegh Bahadur laid the foundation of the Khalsa Panth. This statement is incorrect. The foundation of the Khalsa Panth was laid by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, in 1699.
(C) Guru Nanak composed the Guru Granth Sahib. This statement is incorrect. While Guru Nanak's hymns are included in the Guru Granth Sahib, he did not compose the entire scripture; the compilation was done by Guru Arjan.
(D) Mirabai was a Maratha princess. This statement is incorrect. Mirabai was not a Maratha princess; she was a Rajput princess.
(E) Mirabai was a Rajput princess. This statement is correct. Mirabai was indeed a Rajput princess, born in the kingdom of Merta in Rajasthan.
Thus, the correct statements are (A) and (E).
Therefore, the correct answer is: (A) and (E) only
The imperial karkhanas
Bernier is perhaps the only historian who provides a detailed account of the working of the imperial karkhanas or workshops:
Large halls are seen at many places, called karkhanas or workshops for the artisans. In one hall, embroiderers are busily employed, superintended by a master. In another, you see the goldsmiths; in a third, painters; in a fourth, varnishers in lacquer-work; in a fifth, joiners, turners, tailors and shoe-makers; in a sixth, manufacturers of silk, brocade and fine muslins …
The artisans come every morning to their karkhanas where they remain employed the whole day; and in the evening return to their homes. In this quiet regular manner, their time glides away; no one aspiring for any improvement in the condition of life wherein he happens to be born.
How did Bernier’s description reflect the economic significance of the karkhanas in the Mughal empire?
The imperial karkhanas
Bernier is perhaps the only historian who provides a detailed account of the working of the imperial karkhanas or workshops:
Large halls are seen at many places, called karkhanas or workshops for the artisans. In one hall, embroiderers are busily employed, superintended by a master. In another, you see the goldsmiths; in a third, painters; in a fourth, varnishers in lacquer-work; in a fifth, joiners, turners, tailors and shoe-makers; in a sixth, manufacturers of silk, brocade and fine muslins …
The artisans come every morning to their karkhanas where they remain employed the whole day; and in the evening return to their homes. In this quiet regular manner, their time glides away; no one aspiring for any improvement in the condition of life wherein he happens to be born.
Analyse the relationship between the Mughal empire and its artisans.
The imperial karkhanas
Bernier is perhaps the only historian who provides a detailed account of the working of the imperial karkhanas or workshops:
Large halls are seen at many places, called karkhanas or workshops for the artisans. In one hall, embroiderers are busily employed, superintended by a master. In another, you see the goldsmiths; in a third, painters; in a fourth, varnishers in lacquer-work; in a fifth, joiners, turners, tailors and shoe-makers; in a sixth, manufacturers of silk, brocade and fine muslins …
The artisans come every morning to their karkhanas where they remain employed the whole day; and in the evening return to their homes. In this quiet regular manner, their time glides away; no one aspiring for any improvement in the condition of life wherein he happens to be born.
How did the crafts in the karkhanas reflect the cultural diversity of the Mughal empire?