Which of the following stages of meiosis involves division of centromere?
- Metaphase I
- Metaphase II
- Anaphase II
- Telophase II
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
To solve the question regarding which stage of meiosis involves the division of the centromere, let's review the stages of meiosis, particularly focusing on metaphase and anaphase stages of both Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
- Meiosis I: This is the reductional division where homologous chromosomes are separated.
- Metaphase I: Homologous chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate.
- Anaphase I: Homologous chromosomes are separated, but their centromeres do not divide.
- Meiosis II: This is the equational division similar to mitosis, where sister chromatids are separated.
- Metaphase II: Chromosomes, each consisting of two sister chromatids, align at the metaphase plate.
- Anaphase II: Centromeres divide, allowing sister chromatids to separate and move to opposite poles.
From this analysis, we observe that during Anaphase II, the centromeres divide enabling the separation of sister chromatids. Hence, the correct answer is Anaphase II.
When evaluating the other options:
- Metaphase I: No centromere division occurs; homologous chromosomes align.
- Metaphase II: No centromere division occurs; chromosomes align at the equator.
- Telophase II: This stage follows Anaphase II and involves the formation of nuclei but not the division of centromeres.
Therefore, the only correct option is Anaphase II, where centromere division and separation of chromatids occur. This critical point underscores the distinguishing feature of Meiosis II compared to Meiosis I.
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Concepts Used:
Meiosis
Meiosis is a process in which a single cell, a diploid cell, undergoes division twice to produce four haploid daughter cells, and the cells produced are known as the sex cells or gametes (sperms in males and egg in females). It contains half of the original amount of genetic information. The haploids only have half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.
Features of Meiosis:
- It results in the formation of four daughter cells in each cycle of cell division.
- The daughter cells are identical to the mother cell in shape and size but different in chromosome number.
- The daughter cells are haploid.
- Recombination and segregation take place in meiosis.
- The process occurs in the reproductive organs and results in the formation of gametes.
- The process is divided into two types-Meiosis-I reduces the chromosome number to half and is known as reductional division. Meiosis-II is just like the mitotic division.
Phases of Meiosis
Meiosis can be divided into nine stages. The process is usually divided into two parts. The first time a cell divides (meiosis I) and the second time it divides (meiosis II). The phases are as follows –
Meiosis 1 Stages
The different stages of meiosis 1 can be explained by the following phases :
- Prophase 1
- Metaphase 1
- Anaphase 1
- Telophase 1
Meiosis 2 Stages
The different stages of meiosis 1 can be explained by the following phases :
- Prophase 2
- Metaphase 2
- Anaphase 2
- Telophase 2