Question

Which of the following soil has high water retention capacity?

• A. Sandy soil
• B. Loamy soil
• C. Sandy silt soil
• D. Clayey soil

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

To determine which type of soil has the highest water retention capacity, it's essential to understand the characteristics of each soil type provided: 

• Sandy soil: This type of soil has large particles and low cohesion, leading to poor water retention. Water quickly drains through sandy soils.
• Loamy soil: A balanced mixture of sand, silt, and clay, loamy soil has moderate water retention capabilities due to its balanced composition.
• Sandy silt soil: Similar to sandy soil, this soil type still has larger particles than clay, allowing for better drainage but less water retention compared to clay-rich soils.
• Clayey soil: Composed of very fine particles and known for its high plasticity and cohesiveness, clayey soil retains water efficiently due to the small size of its particles and its ability to compact tightly.

Understanding the properties of these soils, clayey soil is identified as having the highest water retention capacity. This is due to its finely textured particles that create minimal space for water to escape, thus allowing it to hold and retain water more than other soil types.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Clayey soil

Answer 2

The soil with the highest water retention capacity is Clayey soil.

Additional Context:

• Clayey Soil Properties:
  • Particle size: <0.002 mm (smallest among soil types)
  • Surface area: High (increases water adhesion)
  • Pore spaces: Numerous but very small
• Water Retention Mechanism:
  • Capillary action in micro-pores
  • Negative charge of clay particles attracts water molecules
• Comparison with Other Soils:
  • Sandy (1): Large particles (0.05-2mm), drains quickly
  • Loamy (2): Balanced mix but less retention than clay
  • Sandy silt (3): Intermediate, moderately retains water
• Agricultural Implications:
  • Clay soils require less frequent irrigation
  • May need drainage systems to prevent waterlogging

Correct Answer: (4) Clayey soil.