Which of the following secretes toxins duringstorage conditions of crop plants
Which of the following secretes toxins duringstorage conditions of crop plants
- Aspergillus
- Penicillium
- Fusarium
- Colletotrichum
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
The correct option is (A) : Aspergillus
Fungal byproducts called aflatoxins are poisonous to both humans and animals when ingested. They can build up in foods like corn, cereals, soybeans, sorghum, peanuts, and other foods that are used to feed field crops. The toxin-producing fungus or fungi can develop in grain during storage, transportation, and under unfavourable circumstances. In starchy cereal grains (such as corn, wheat, sorghum, oats, barley, millet and rice), Aspergillus flavus creates aflatoxins.
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Concepts Used:
Kingdom Fungi - Edible Fungus
Fungi (singular: fungus or funguses) are eukaryotic organisms classified under the kingdom Fungi. These organisms can be single-celled or multicellular. They include organisms, particularly yeasts, mushrooms, and molds. The eukaryotic microorganisms possess a cell wall made of chitin and polysaccharides. With that, they can be found anywhere and are classified as heterotrophs.
The nucleus they keep is surrounded by a nucleus membrane and is dense, clear, and also contains chromatin threads. The existence of fungi can be seen as black spots found on bread, mushrooms, and yeast cells. These microorganisms are also responsible for fungal and skin diseases.
- Based on the mode of nutrition, fungi can be classified as Saprophytic, Parasitic, and Symbiotic.
- Based on spore formation, fungi can be classified as Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Deuteromycetes.
Read More: Biological Classification
Following are the important features of fungi:
- Fungi are multicellular organisms that have a cell wall, organelles, and a nucleus but no chloroplasts.
- They lack locomotion mechanisms. Fungi can range in size from microscopic to massive ( such as mushrooms).
- The process of obtaining nutrients is known as absorption.
- Fungi, for the most part, get their nutrients from decaying matter.