Question

Which of the following is an ancient book of grammar?

• A. Prashana Upnishada
• B. Ashtadhyayi
• C. Natyashastra
• D. Meghdoota

Hint:

Associate ancient texts with their authors and subjects for quick recall. Panini $\rightarrow$ Ashtadhyayi (Grammar); Bharata Muni $\rightarrow$ Natyashastra (Performing Arts); Kalidasa $\rightarrow$ Meghdoota/Shakuntala (Poetry/Drama).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify a foundational text on grammar from a list of ancient Indian texts.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze the nature of each text:
\[\begin{array}{rl} \bullet & \text{Prashana Upnishada: This is one of the Upanishads, a collection of philosophical and spiritual texts central to Hinduism. It is not a book of grammar. } \\ \bullet & \text{Ashtadhyayi: Written by the sage Panini around the 5th century BCE, the Ashtadhyayi ("Eight Chapters") is the foundational text of Sanskrit grammar. It provides a comprehensive and highly systematic analysis of Sanskrit morphology and phonology. } \\ \bullet & \text{Natyashastra: This is a detailed treatise on the performing arts, including drama, dance, and music, attributed to Bharata Muni. It is a work of dramaturgy, not grammar. } \\ \bullet & \text{Meghdoota: This is a famous lyric poem written by the classical Sanskrit poet Kalidasa. It is a work of literature, not grammar. } \\ \end{array}\] Thus, the Ashtadhyayi is the ancient book of grammar.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct option is (B).