Question

Which of the following help(s) in keeping direct solar radiation out of the building?

• A. Mashrabiya
• B. Badgir
• C. Maluqf
• D. Chajja

Hint:

Mashrabiyas filter sunlight; Chajjas shade openings. Badgirs and Malqafs circulate air, not block solar radiation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, D

Mashrabiya is a traditional lattice screen used extensively in Middle Eastern architecture.
It filters sunlight, reduces glare, and prevents harsh direct solar radiation from entering interior spaces.
A Chajja is a horizontal overhang above windows and openings.
It provides shading by blocking high-angle sunlight, especially in hot climates.
Both elements serve as passive shading devices that minimize solar heat gain.

Badgir (wind tower) and Maluqf (air catcher) mainly assist with natural ventilation rather than solar control.
Therefore, only Mashrabiya and Chajja directly prevent sunlight entry.