Question

Which of the following are the low molecular weight substances added to polymers to increase plasticity and flexibility?

• A. Fillers
• B. Plasticizers
• C. Inoculants
• D. Stabilisers

Hint:

\textbf{Plasticizers} are added to polymers to \textbf{increase flexibility and decrease brittleness}, especially in PVC applications.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Role of Plasticizers
Plasticizers are low molecular weight, often organic compounds, added to polymers to: - Reduce intermolecular forces between polymer chains, - Increase flexibility and workability, - Lower the glass transition temperature (\( T_g \)). Step 2: Mechanism of Action
- By embedding between polymer chains, plasticizers reduce stiffness. - Common in PVC, rubber, and cellulose-based plastics. Step 3: Elimination of Other Options
- Fillers: Used to increase bulk or mechanical strength, not flexibility.
- Inoculants: Used in metallurgy (e.g., cast iron), not polymers.
- Stabilisers: Protect polymers from thermal or UV degradation. Conclusion: To enhance the flexibility and plasticity of polymers, plasticizers are added.