Question

Which of the below-mentioned processes are the dye fixing method after printing of a fabric.
A. Baking
B. Pad-batch method
C. Reduction
D. Ageing
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A, B and D only
• B. A, B and C only
• C. A, B, C and D
• D. B, C and D only

Hint:

After printing, fixation ensures durability of colors. Methods: Baking, Pad-batch, and Ageing are common. Reduction is used in vat dyeing, not printing fixation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding dye fixing.
After printing a fabric, the dyes must be fixed onto fibers so that the design remains permanent and resists washing or rubbing. Dye fixation is done through physical or chemical methods that improve dye-fiber bonding.
Step 2: Baking.
Baking is a method where the fabric is heated in ovens at controlled temperatures. This heat helps to fix pigment binders and resins onto the fibers, ensuring permanence of color. Thus, baking is a dye fixing method.
Step 3: Pad-batch method.
The pad-batch technique involves padding the fabric with dye liquor and batching (rolling up) the fabric for several hours. During this time, dye molecules diffuse and react with fibers, leading to fixation. Thus, pad-batch is also a dye fixing method.
Step 4: Ageing.
In ageing, printed fabric is passed through a chamber of steam at controlled temperature and humidity. The steam helps in fixation of dyes, particularly reactive dyes, onto cellulosic fibers. Thus, ageing is another valid dye fixing method.
Step 5: Reduction.
Reduction, on the other hand, is a step used in vat dyeing or after dyeing processes to solubilize dyes. It is not a fixing method used after printing.
Step 6: Conclusion.
Hence, the correct methods of dye fixation after printing are Baking (A), Pad-batch (B), and Ageing (D).