Question

Which neurotransmitter helps to calm anxiety?

• A. GABA
• B. Acetylcholine
• C. Glutamic acid
• D. Dopamine

Hint:

Think of GABA as the "brakes" of the brain, slowing things down to reduce anxiety. In contrast, Glutamate is the "gas pedal," speeding things up and increasing excitement.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify the neurotransmitter primarily responsible for producing a calming effect in the brain and reducing anxiety.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
(A) GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric acid): GABA is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Its primary function is to reduce neuronal excitability by blocking or inhibiting certain brain signals. This action produces a calming effect and plays a major role in controlling anxiety, stress, and fear. Low levels of GABA are associated with anxiety disorders.
(B) Acetylcholine: This neurotransmitter is involved in muscle action, learning, and memory.
(C) Glutamic acid (Glutamate): Glutamate is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter. It increases neuronal excitability, which is the opposite of a calming effect.
(D) Dopamine: This neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the brain's reward system, motivation, pleasure, and motor control.
Step 3: Final Answer:
GABA is the neurotransmitter that helps to calm anxiety by inhibiting brain activity.