Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify the literary work of the 12th-century Kashmiri historian, Kalhana.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The book written by Kalhana is the Rajatarangini (River of Kings).
It is a metrical historical chronicle of the kings of Kashmir, written in Sanskrit. The work is widely regarded as one of the first and most important works of historiography (history writing) in India. It provides a detailed account of the rulers and dynasties of Kashmir from the earliest times up to the time of its composition.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Kalhana wrote the Rajatarangini.
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