Question

Which bacteria converts milk into curd?

Hint:

Lactobacillus is the main bacteria used in curd formation. Remember: lactose (milk sugar) $\rightarrow$ lactic acid (by Lactobacillus) $\rightarrow$ curd.

Answer 1

The bacteria that convert milk into curd is Lactobacillus.

Step 1: Process of Conversion.
When a small amount of curd is added to warm milk, it introduces millions of Lactobacillus bacteria. These bacteria multiply rapidly in the warm environment.

Step 2: Chemical Reaction.
Lactobacillus produces lactic acid by fermentation of lactose (the sugar present in milk). This lactic acid lowers the pH of milk and causes the milk proteins (casein) to coagulate, resulting in the thick, sour substance known as curd.

Step 3: Importance.
The formation of curd improves digestibility, enhances the vitamin B content, and provides probiotics that are beneficial for gut health.