Question

When was the Non-Cooperation Movement launched? Discuss any two causes of this movement.

Hint:

The Non-Cooperation Movement was a turning point in India's struggle for independence, involving mass participation and widespread civil disobedience to challenge British colonialism.

Answer 1

The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920 , after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in 1919 and the subsequent harsh repressive measures imposed by the British government, such as the Rowlatt Act .
Causes of the Non-Cooperation Movement:


Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919):
The massacre, in which British troops fired on a peaceful gathering of unarmed Indians in Amritsar , resulted in the deaths of hundreds of people. This act of brutality enraged the Indian masses and intensified the demand for independence. It marked a turning point in the Indian freedom struggle, leading to the launch of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Rowlatt Act (1919):
The Rowlatt Act was passed by the British government to arrest and detain Indians without trial. This act led to widespread unrest and protests across India. Gandhi’s call for non-cooperation was a direct response to these repressive measures , aiming to force the British to respect Indian civil rights.
The Non-Cooperation Movement involved the boycott of British goods, schools, courts, and government services. It marked a large-scale, organized effort by Indians to peacefully resist British colonial rule.