Question:

When domestic sewage mixes with river water

Updated On: May 17, 2024
  • Small animals like rats will die after drinking river water
  • The increased microbial activity releases micronutrients such as iron
  • The increased microbial activity uses up dissolved oxygen
  • The river water is still suitable for drinking as impurities are only about 0$\cdot$1%
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

When sewage mixes with water body, micro- organisms present in it biodegrade organic matter of sewage using oxygen. This results into a sharp decline in dissolved oxygen which may cause mortality of aquatic creatures. Gradually, however, dissolved oxygen increases in concentration with the completion of biodegradation of sewage matter.
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Concepts Used:

Microbes in Human Welfare

There are several valuable microorganisms that are beneficial to humans in various manners such as:

In Household Products

  1. Fermentation of milk to produce yogurt.
  2. Milk cuddling to compose curd, cheese, and paneer.

In Industrial Products

  1. Production of beverages such as wine, beer, whiskey, brandy, or rum.
  2. Production of antibiotics such as Penicillin and other chemical substances to kill or retard the expansion of disease-causing microbes.

Fermented Beverages

  1. A fermentor is used to produce microbes on a large scale for industrial purposes.
  2. The brewer’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is used to make ethanol. At this time, the yeast ferments malted cereals and fruit juices.

Antibiotics

  1. The term antibiotic means “against life”. These materials can kill or destroy the growth of other microbes.