What is the momentum of an object of mass m, moving with a velocity v?
(mv)2
mv2
\(\frac{1}{2}\)mv2
mv
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
To determine the momentum of an object, we must first understand the concept of momentum in physics. Momentum is a measure of the quantity of motion of a moving body and is directly proportional to both its mass and its velocity.
Formula for Momentum
The formula for calculating momentum (p) is given by:
p = mv
Where:
- p = momentum
- m = mass of the object
- v = velocity of the object
Evaluating the Options
- Option 1: \((mv)^2\) – This option represents the square of the product of mass and velocity, which is not how momentum is defined.
- Option 2: \(mv^2\) – This represents kinetic energy, not momentum.
- Option 3: \(\frac{1}{2}mv^2\) – This is the formula for kinetic energy, not momentum.
- Option 4: \(mv\) – This correctly represents momentum as it is defined by the product of mass and velocity.
From the evaluation above, it is clear that option 4, \((mv)\), is the correct formula for momentum.
Conclusion
Therefore, the momentum of an object of mass m, moving with a velocity v, is \(mv\).
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Concepts Used:
Laws of Motion
The laws of motion, which are the keystone of classical mechanics, are three statements that defined the relationships between the forces acting on a body and its motion. They were first disclosed by English physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton.
Newton’s First Law of Motion
Newton’s 1st law states that a body at rest or uniform motion will continue to be at rest or uniform motion until and unless a net external force acts on it.
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Newton's 2nd law of motion deals with the relation between force and acceleration. According to the second law of motion, the acceleration of an object as built by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Newton's 3rd law of motion states when a body applies a force on another body that there is an equal and opposite reaction for every action.