What is the IUPAC name of the organic compound formed in the following chemical reaction?
What is the IUPAC name of the organic compound formed in the following chemical reaction?
2-methyl butan-2-ol
2-methyl propan-2-ol
pentan-2-ol
pentan-3-ol
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
The given chemical reaction involves the reaction of acetone with ethyl magnesium bromide (Grignard reagent), followed by hydrolysis. Let's break down the reaction step by step to identify the organic compound formed and its IUPAC name.
- Identify the Reactants:
- Acetone: \( \text{CH}_3\text{COCH}_3 \)
- Grignard Reagent: \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{MgBr} \)
- Reaction Mechanism:
- Step 1: The ethyl group (\( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5 \)) from the Grignard reagent attacks the carbonyl carbon of acetone, forming an intermediate alkoxide.
- Step 2: The intermediate alkoxide is then protonated during hydrolysis to form an alcohol.
- Product Formation:
- The reaction results in the formation of pentan-2-ol.
The IUPAC name of the compound formed is pentan-2-ol. Let us verify this:
- The compound is an alcohol (due to the presence of an -OH group).
- The longest carbon chain is made of five carbons (pentane).
- The -OH group is attached to the second carbon, hence "2-ol".
Therefore, the correct answer is pentan-2-ol.
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Concepts Used:
Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids
Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids are carbonyl compounds that contain a carbon-oxygen double bond. These organic compounds are very important in the field of organic chemistry and also have many industrial applications.
Aldehydes:
Aldehydes are organic compounds that have the functional group -CHO.
Preparation of Aldehydes
Acid chlorides are reduced to aldehydes with hydrogen in the presence of palladium catalyst spread on barium sulfate.
Ketones:
Ketones are organic compounds that have the functional group C=O and the structure R-(C=O)-R’.
Preparation of Ketones
Acid chlorides on reaction with dialkyl cadmium produce ketones. Dialkyl cadmium themselves are prepared from Grignard reagents.
Carboxylic Acid:
Carboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain a (C=O)OH group attached to an R group (where R refers to the remaining part of the molecule).
Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
Primary alcohols are readily oxidized to carboxylic acids with common oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate in neutral acidic or alkaline media or by potassium dichromate and chromium trioxide in acidic media.