Question

What is the first step in biomaterial-tissue interactions?

• A. ( \text{Cell Migration} ) \
• B. ( \text{Adsorption of proteins} ) \
• C. ( \text{Cell Development} ) \
• D. ( \text{Cell adhesion} ) \

Hint:

The "conditioning film" of adsorbed proteins is the critical interface between a biomaterial and its biological environment. The nature of this film profoundly influences the biocompatibility and overall success of the implanted material.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

When a biomaterial is implanted into a biological environment (tissue), the very first event that occurs, almost instantaneously, is the adsorption of proteins from the surrounding biological fluids onto the surface of the biomaterial.
This adsorbed protein layer forms a "conditioning film" on the biomaterial surface.
The specific composition and conformation of this protein layer then dictate subsequent cellular events, such as cell adhesion, cell migration, and ultimately the tissue's response to the biomaterial.
Without this initial protein adsorption, cells would not have a surface to recognize and adhere to in a biologically relevant manner.
Cell adhesion and cell migration are subsequent steps that are mediated by the adsorbed protein layer.
Cell development is a broader biological process and not the immediate initial interaction.