Question

The biomaterials are expected to mimic the functions of

• A. ( \text{Extracellular Matrix (ECM)} ) \
• B. ( \text{Transmembrane proteins} ) \
• C. ( \text{Cytoplasm} ) \
• D. ( \text{Cell Organelles} ) \

Hint:

In biomaterials design, particularly for regenerative medicine, the goal is often to create scaffolds or environments that resemble the native extracellular matrix. This mimicry is crucial for guiding cell behavior and promoting tissue repair or regeneration.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Biomaterials are designed to interact with biological systems for medical purposes, such as replacing damaged tissues or organs, delivering drugs, or assisting in tissue regeneration.
For a biomaterial to function effectively and integrate well with the body, it often needs to provide a supportive and interactive environment for cells, much like the body's natural Extracellular Matrix (ECM).
The ECM is a complex network of macromolecules (proteins like collagen, elastin, fibronectin, and proteoglycans) secreted by cells that provides structural support, regulates cell behavior (e.
g., adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation), and mediates intercellular communication within tissues.
Biomaterials, especially those used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, are engineered to replicate key features of the ECM's structure, mechanical properties, and biochemical cues to promote desired cellular responses and tissue formation.
Transmembrane proteins are embedded in cell membranes and are involved in cell signaling and transport.
Cytoplasm is the internal content of a cell, and cell organelles are structures within the cytoplasm; none of these are mimicked by bulk biomaterials in the same way as the ECM.