Question

What is the cause of death in Diabetic ketoacidosis?

• A. Sepsis
• B. Dehydration
• C. Hypokalemia
• D. Cerebral edema

Hint:

In DKA, rapid treatment is crucial, but it should be done carefully. Rapid correction of hyperglycemia or dehydration can lead to cerebral edema, particularly in young patients.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, primarily occurring in individuals with Type 1 diabetes, though it can also occur in Type 2 diabetes. DKA is characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis. While dehydration, hypokalemia, and sepsis are common complications of DKA, cerebral edema is the leading cause of death in DKA patients, especially in children. Cerebral edema occurs due to the rapid correction of hyperglycemia, causing fluid shifts in the brain. This can lead to increased intracranial pressure, which can be fatal if not managed quickly. Thus, the correct cause of death in DKA is Cerebral edema (Option 4). It is essential to monitor the rate of fluid resuscitation and correct electrolyte imbalances carefully in DKA patients to prevent this complication.